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Indonesia

Indonesia

Capital city description

Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia-located on Java island's northwest coast and is the country's most dense city. Java Island is also the most populated island in the world. The city of Jakarta is Indonesia's center for politics, economics, and culture. The city of Jakarta is a place of many cultures and communities. The main reason is that the city offers a potentially high standard of living and has numerous business opportunities attracting migrants from different parts of the country.

Climate


  • Dry season: April to October
  •  Wet season: November to March.

In Indonesia, almost all major islands have a tropical rainforest climate. The smaller islands east of Java and some parts of Java itself have a tropical monsoon climate. During the day, temperatures in Indonesia are around 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit) or slightly higher for most of the year. It is cooler in more elevated areas, especially in Papua, where the highest peaks are cold with eternal snow and ice. In general, you will almost always experience tropical weather conditions where a bright sun is mixed with sometimes heavy rain and thunderstorms.

Languages spoken

 The Indonesian language is the official language, as indicated in the Indonesian Constitution. Indonesian is a language that resembles the Malay language but is distinct by vocabulary and accent.

Fun/Fascinating Facts

  1. Known as the Lost World of Asia, Indonesia is the playing ground of increasingly rare, exotic, and magnificent animals slowly reaching critically dangerous levels of endangerment.
  2. With 139 volcanoes, Indonesia has recorded having the highest number of volcanoes than any of its neighbors within the Southeast Asian region and the third-highest number in the world.
  3. The Javan rhino is an Indonesian native animal that cannot be seen anywhere else in the world.
  4. Indonesia is the place for the world's largest flower—Rafflesia Arnoldi. The flower can grow up to a weight of 7 kg, and its petals can be 2.5 cm thick and 0.5 m long.
  5.  The giant lizard in the world is the Komodo dragon, and it has one of the most limited natural habitats in the world and can only be found within the borders of Indonesia.

Unique Customs/Traditions

  • Greetings can be rather formal as they are meant to show respect. A handshake is the most common greeting accompanied by the word "Selamat."
  • Serving tea to guests, passing money after bargaining in the marketplace, or paying a clerk for stamps at the post office, only the right hand is used to give or receive, following Muslim custom. Guests are served with a slight bow, and juniors pass elders.
  • Shake hands softly and then lightly touch your chest afterward. Men usually give a firmer grip than women when they are shaking hands. Touching your chest after shaking hands demonstrates respect to another person
  • Babies under six months of age were considered sacred by the Torajans. If the babies of Torajans die before reaching six months old, they would be wrapped with 'Enau' leaves and buried inside the hole of a 'Tarra' tree, symbolizing the baby's return into their mother's womb.
  • More known as "stone hopping" or "lompat Batu" in Indonesian, Fahombo is a traditional sport and local wisdom from Nias. In this ritual, a local Nias boy must jump over the arrangement of a 2-meter high stone structure. It was originally a rite of passage for Nia's boys into maturity before becoming a unique tourist attraction famous worldwide.


Popular universities

Name Description
Universitas Gadjah Mada (Gadjah Mada University) Universitas Gadjah Mada (Gadjah Mada University) is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the suburban setting of the metropolis of Sleman , Yogyakarta SR. This institution also has a branch campus in Jakarta. Founded in 1949 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Indonesia (University of Indonesia) Universitas Indonesia (University of Indonesia) is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the urban setting of the city of Depok, West Java. This institution also has a branch campus in Jakarta. Established in 1950 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional. Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia), Universitas Indonesia (UI) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor's degrees, master degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Brawijaya (Brawijaya University) Universitas Brawijaya (Brawijaya University) is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the urban setting of the vast city of Malang East Java. Established in 1963 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional. Universitas Brawijaya (UB) offers courses and programs leading to acknowledged formally higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study. This institution also has branch campuses in Kediri, Jakarta.
Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University) is a non-profit public higher education institution placed in the urban setting of Surabaya East Java. Established in 1954 and officially acknowledged by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Airlangga (UNAIR) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education) is a non-profit public higher education institution found in the urban setting of Bandung, West Java. Established in 1954 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University) Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University) is a non-profit public higher education institution found in the urban setting of Bogor, West Java. Founded in 1963 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (State University of Yogyakarta) is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the metropolis of Sleman, Yogyakarta SR. Established in 1964 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Diponegoro Universitas Diponegoro (Diponegoro University) is a non-profit public higher education institution established in the rural setting of the metropolis of Semarang, Central Java. This institution also has a branch campus in Jepara. Founded in 1957 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Diponegoro (Undip) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Padjadjaran Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University) is a non-profit public higher education institution in Sumedang, West Java. This institution also has a branch campus in Jatinangor. Established in 1957 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as pre-bachelor degrees (i.e., certificates, diplomas, associate or foundation), bachelor degrees, master degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Universitas Negeri Semarang Universitas Negeri Semarang (State University of Semarang) is a non-profit public higher education institution settled in the suburban setting of Semarang Central Java. This institution also has a branch campus in Tegal. Established in 1965 and officially recognized by the Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia). Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.

Festivals & Events

Pasola

Date: February and March

Pasola is the most dramatic and significant event in the calendar for the people of Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. Celebrated yearly in February and March, Pasola is a ritual battle, when tribes come together to act out war games and appease ancient animist gods with bloodshed.

Fighting on horseback and clad in traditional ikat clothing, the warriors of Sumba hurtle towards each other at full tilt, throwing spears with unnerving and occasionally deadly accuracy.



Djakarta Warehouse Project - Music Festival

Date: December

Djakarta Warehouse Project (or DWP) is an electrifying music festival celebrated every December in the nation’s capital. It has performed a wave of popularity and underground notoriety to become the most meaningful annual dance music festival to be found anywhere in Southeast Asia.

DWP welcomes nearly 75,000 partygoers worldwide, drawn like moths to the bright lights and heavy beats.

Jember Fashion Carnaval

Date: August

The Jember Fashion Carnaval runs in East Java. It was inspired by the fashion week held by designer Dynand Fariz in 2002. In 2003, the first Carnaval consisted of a procession of dancers in dazzling costumes. It requires months of preparation, with hundreds of volunteers and countless participants ranging from kindergarten kids to the general public.

The procession is usually a 4-kilometer runway and has a fashion exhibit too. You can experience the Jember Fashion Carnival in the city of Jember in August every year.

Nyepi

Date: March

This festival celebrates the Balinese New Year. 'Nyepi' translates to 'day of silence,' involving fasting, meditation, and prayers. It is one day in the year that the Bali airport is closed. It is customary that lights be switched off or kept dim, travel reduced to a minimum, and no work be performed on this day.

Some villages in Bali make ogoh-ogoh demonic statues made from bamboo and cloth to symbolize negativity and paraded around the held a ceremony before being burnt in the local cemetery.

Solo Batik Carnival

Date: July

 Solo Batik Carnival is a colorful parade of fantastic designs, dance, and shows through the streets of Solo in Central Java. Solo is the cultural heartland of Java, where traditional practices are proudly performed and celebrated on the modern stage.

Solo Batik Carnival is a memorable procession celebrating the showmanship and artistry of Indonesia. For one unforgettable day in July, the best batik makers from far and wide come together to present their creations. The streets are lined with locals, and the city takes on an incredibly vivid carnival atmosphere in preparation for the carnival. 

Java Jazz Festival

Date: May

Java Jazz, more popularly known as the Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival, is the most significant musical event in Indonesia, a three-day celebration of contemporary jazz that always proves to be a treat for music lovers worldwide.

A countless number of Jazz artists from all across the world come to take part in this fabulous event. Performers from Australia, Japan, South America, the United States of America, Europe, and other countries in Asia came to Indonesia to participate in this three-day event.

Bau Nyale Fishing Festival

Date: End of February or at the beginning of March

The Bau Nyale Fishing Festival is held every year on the island of Lombok; It is usually held around the end of February or the beginning of March. It originates its name from Bau, meaning 'to catch' and nyale, a seaworm type.

These captivating fish appear in Indonesia only these months, and the locals catch them with much excitement. The legend of this festival in Indonesia involves a mythical Princess Mandalika, who drowned in the waters of Lombok while trying to escape an arranged marriage, reincarnating in the form of a nyale (worm-like fish) to return every year. 

Waisak

Date: May or June

Waisak is a Buddhist festival in Indonesia as Buddhism is one of the six officially recognized religions in the country. It is one of Indonesia's foremost religious celebrations; the Waisak festival honors the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Gautama Buddha.

It is held based on the moon's phases, but it falls on the full moon in either May or the beginning of June. The ceremony is a public holiday across Indonesia, but the main ceremony takes place at Borobudur temple, the largest Buddhist temple anywhere in the world.


 

Baliem Valley Festival - Mock-War Amongst the Papua Tribes

Date: August

Baliem Valley Festival is unique to the people of Papua, a set of islands in Indonesia's eastern province. It involves the staging of a mock war symbolizing prosperity and fertility. Almost 20 tribes of Indonesia come together for this festival that spans two days.

The Baliem Valley festival takes place in August. During the festive, traditional dances are performed to the traditional Papua music called piton. Pig-racing is also expected during this time.

Attractions / Top Sights

Seminyak beach

When to visit: Between April and September

When to visit: https://thehoneycombers.com/bali/best-beach-bali-swim-surf-sand/

 Seminyak offers a marvelous coast of gold to dark sand, complemented by sumptuous sunsets. The beach resort area presents beach bars aplenty, five-star hotels, villas on the island, and many luxury spas.

Experience surf in the gentle whitewash of the waves, soak up the sunshine on a squishy sunbed or settle into a comfy, colorful beanbag at La Plancha.

Borobudur

When to visit: April to August

When to visit: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/592

 Borobudur ancient temple is one of the most popular and culturally significant landmarks in Indonesia. It is located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern part of Central Java, at the center of Java, Indonesia. Borobudur was built in the 8th century and constructed in the shape of a traditional Buddhist mandala.

It was abandoned in the 14th century for reasons that remain a mystery and lay hidden in the jungle under layers of volcanic ash for centuries. Today it is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Indonesia and one of the top UNESCO World Heritage sites and is considered one of the greatest Buddhist sites in the world.

Ubud

When to visit: June to September

When to visit: https://wikitravel.org/en/Ubud

Ubud is a town on the Indonesian island of Bali in Ubud District, located amongst rice paddies and steep ravines in the central foothills of the Gianyar regency.

Ubud is a perfect place to enjoy nature and art galleries' most scenic views and experience a fun culture through traditional dances. Among its famous attractions is the Tegalalang Rice Terraces, where you can find calm and serenity.

Bali Beaches

When to visit: Between April and September

When to visit: https://thehoneycombers.com/bali/best-beach-bali-swim-surf-sand/

Bali beaches are Indonesia's most popular vacation spot; One of the most beautiful beaches on the Islands is the Seminyak beach- which offers a marvelous coast of gold to dark sand, complemented by sumptuous sunsets. The beach resort area presents beach bars aplenty, five-star hotels, villas on the island, and many luxury spas.

Experience surf in the gentle whitewash of the waves, soak up the sunshine on a squishy sunbed or settle into a comfy, colorful beanbag at La Plancha.

Gili Islands

When to visit: September to November

When to visit: https://wikitravel.org/en/Gili_Islands

Gili Islands is the most beautiful tourist destination on the island of Lombok and is famous for local and foreign tourists seeking a romantic getaway.

The islands are very cozy and laid-back, with countless little beachside cafes and excellent restaurants serving exquisite food and a view that perfectly compliments the beachfront dining experience.


Komodo National Park

When to visit: April to December

When to visit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komodo_National_Park

Komodo National Park is a UNESCO world heritage site and listed as one of the seven wonders of nature in the world. It is located within the Lesser Sunda Islands border between East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara provinces.

A shelter to the creepy-looking giant monitor lizards also known as Komodo dragons, this is the only place in the world where they can be spotted the unique creatures wandering freely in the wilderness.

Mount Bromo

When to visit: April to October

Mount Bromo has a high of about 2329 m above sea level and is one of Indonesia's most impressive and hiked mountains. It attracts majestically despite having the whole leading blown off, and a crater inside keeps gushing off white sulfurous smoke.

Mount Bromo is included as one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia and most visited by many tourists outside Indonesia. Still, due to their threatening danger, some locations are blocked off from tourists and travelers. 

Tanjung Puting National Park

When to visit: August, September and October

When to visit: https://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions/indonesia-ina.htm

 Tanjung Puting National Park in Kalimantan, Borneo, is home to the largest orangutan population in the world and other primates, birds, and reptiles. This natural park includes drylands, forests, swamps, and mangroves.

The park was approved for a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve status in 1977. In 1982 it became a National Park covering 415,040 hectares and a sister park of neighboring Malaysia. The park is managed by the Indonesian Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation, with four research centers onsite. Today the park is a favorite ecotourism destination, with various river cruises and boat tours.

 

Mount Rinjani

When to visit: April to July

When to visit: https://www.rinjaninationalpark.com/rinjani-national-park-lombok-island-indonesia/fact-and-history-about-mount-rinjani

Mount Rinjani is a colossal volcano seen in Lombok. Standing at 3,726 meters above sea level, Mount Rinjani is the second-highest mountain in Indonesia. It's deemed the name Rinjani comes from an old Javanese term for 'God.' this mountain also holds spiritual significance for the local people as part of the famous' ring of fire.'

 Around the slopes of Rinjani, there are lush forests sprinkled with waterfalls and surrounded by stunning scenery. Adventure seekers, especially hikers, will enjoy this place.