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Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan

Capital city description

Bishkek,  the most crowded city and capital of Kyrgyzstan, has about one million people. Bishkek is located in the Chuy Valley, at the northern edge of the Kyrgyz Ala-Too Range, at about 800 m (2,625 feet) above sea level. Presently, Bishkek is mainly inhabited by ethnic Kyrgyz, who make up 66% of the city’s population, and Europeans constitute around 20% of the population. Russian is the primary language spoken here.

Climate

The climate in Kyrgyzstan is usually sunny, averaging only about 70 days of rain a year. The climate is continental because Kyrgyzstan is located so far from any ocean. Although summers can get considerably hot, the mountains remain colder even in the most scorching months. Winters are freezing and snowy everywhere, especially at higher elevations. Days tend to be significantly warmer than nights, but the general climate of Kyrgyzstan is relatively temperate, with four defined seasons.

  • Spring: March to May
  • Summer: June to August
  • Fall: September to November
  • Winter: December to February

Languages spoken

Russian and Kyrgyz are the two official languages of Kyrgyzstan. About 4.1 million people spoke Kyrgyz as a native or second language, and 2.5 million spoke Russian as a native or second language.

Fun/Fascinating Facts

1. Kyrgyzstan is one of the less populated countries worldwide. There are just 29.5 residents for each square kilometer of land.

2. Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Asia. A landlocked country is surrounded by land and doesn't have access to the open sea. 

3. Kyrgyzstan has three Unesco World Heritage sites. One of these is the Tien-Shan mountain range, the network of routes that made up the historical Silk Road is another; the third is Sulayman Mountain on the outskirts of Osh.

4. The Kyrgyz epic poem, Epic of Manas, is 20 times longer than Homer's Odyssey. The poem is about the formation of the Kyrgyz people. There are Manas statues seen in realistically every city in Kyrgyzstan.

5. "Kyrgyz" is originated from the Turkic word for "forty" – a reference to the 40 clans of the great Manas. The country's flag features a 40-ray sun.

Unique Customs/Traditions

  • In Kyrgyzstan, weddings are a significant celebration. Traditionally a bride leaves her family and joins her groom's parents.
  • Suiunchu, customarily spreading happy news about a baby's birth that is told to get a present. People who come and see a newborn baby have to give a korunduk, any present or money to the family of a baby.
  • Another tradition is a beishik toi, a celebration when a baby is born. Once a baby is given a name, the preparations for the festivities start. Dozens of guests are invited, and cattle are sacrificed. 
  •  Kyrgyz people like to eat lamb, beef, yak meat, and especially horse meat. The most famous dish is the Kyrgyz beshbarmak. It is boiled chopped lamb with onions and noodles, poured with broth. The name of this dish is translated from Kyrgyz as "five fingers," and it is traditionally eaten with the fingers. 

Popular universities

Name Description
Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1993 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University (KRSU) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees in several areas of study.
Kirgizistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi Kirgizistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi (Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University) is a non-profit public higher education institution found in the urban setting of the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1995 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kirgizistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi (KTMU) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
Kyrgyz National University Kyrgyz National University is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1925 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz National University (KNU) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Kyrgyz State Technical University Established in 1954, Kyrgyz State Technical University is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the urban setting of the large city of Bishkek and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz State Technical University (KSTU) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Osh State University Osh State University is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the small city of Osh. Founded in 1951 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Osh State University (OshSU) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Kyrgyz State Medical Kyrgyz State Medical Academy is a non-profit public higher education institution found in the city of Bishkek. Established in 1939 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz State Medical Academy (KSMA) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
Kyrgyz State Medical Academy Kyrgyz State Medical Academy is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1939 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz State Medical Academy (KSMA) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees in several areas of study.
International University of Kyrgyzstan The International University of Kyrgyzstan is a non-profit public higher education institution located in the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1993 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. International University of Kyrgyzstan (IUK) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctorate degrees in several areas of study.
American University of Central Asia The American University of Central Asia is a non-profit private higher education institution located in the urban setting of the large city of Bishkek. Established in 1993 and officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. American University of Central Asia (AUCA) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees in several areas of study.
University of Central Asia The University of Central Asia is a private higher education institution located in the large city of Bishkek, established in 2000. This institution also has branch campuses in the following locations: Khorog, Dushanbe, Naryn, Tekeli, Taldykorgan. Officially recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. University of Central Asia (UCA) offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees such as bachelor degrees in several areas of study

Festivals & Events

Bishkek Jazz Festival

Date: April

 Bishkek Jazz festival is three days of jazz music across Bishkek, with great musicians from Central Asia, the US, and Europe. The festival is held annually in April.

Nooruz

Date: 21th March

Nooruz is the most significant annual festival in Central Asia. The whole region welcomes springtime with song, dance, Kok Boru, and hearty food. In Kyrgyzstan, men and women have their special dish. Sumalak is a sprouted wheat dish for women, while Halim is a meaty porridge for men.

Independence Day

Date: 31th August

Independence Day in Kyrgyzstan is celebrated on August 31. It is a national holiday that honors the independence of Kyrgyzstan from the Soviet Union in 1991. Independence Day is the national day of the Kyrgyz Republic.

It is celebrated with official speeches, solemn ceremonies, military displays, outdoor performances, open-air concerts, sporting competitions, firework displays. The biggest celebration is held in the capital city of Bishkek.

World Nomad Games

Date: Every second year.

The World Nomad Games is a new event that has brought the personality of the Kyrgyz people to the forefront of the world’s media. Nomadic sports, intelligence games, demonstrations of strength, and pure showmanship are all showcased in a festival that has been called the “Olympics for nomads.”

Celebrating nomadic traditions since 2014, the World Nomad Games has been held in Cholpon-Ata, a Kyrgyz town on the shores of the Issyk-Kul lake, every second year. 

Ramadan Hayit

Date: April

Ramadan Hayit (Ruza Hayit, Eid al-Fitr) is a celebration of spiritual and moral purification. The holiday observes the completion of the Islamic month of fasting Ruza (Ramadan), which lasts 30 days and is deemed a spiritual and moral purification rite. In the month of Ramadan, while fasting from dawn until sunset, Muslims refrain from consuming food and drinking liquids; they should avoid evil thoughts, respectfully treat others, and do good. 

Kuturgan Fest

Date: October ( date changes)

Kuturgan Fest is a heavy metal music festival in Bishkek that has hosted some big names. Offshoot Bloodystan goes in smaller venues throughout the year.

Orthodox Christmas

Date: 7th January

 Countless Orthodox Christians celebrate Christmas on January 7 in Kyrgyzstan. Bishop of Bishkek and Kyrgyzstan praises believers from Bishkek Holy Resurrection Cathedral. Kyrgyzstan celebrates Christmas like other Orthodox Christian countries.

After attending the ceremony held in the churches, people continue to celebrate Christmas at home with their families and friends. The festive table is vibrant. Kutia, a ceremonial grain dish made of wheat, nuts, honey, dried fruits, and poppy seeds, is on the table.

Attractions / Top Sights

Kashka-Suu ski resort

When to visit: In summer

The Kashka-Suu ski resort is settled 2100 meters above sea level, 35 km from the capital of Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek. The winter sports area is situated between the elevations of 1,870 and 2,270 m. Fresh air marvelous panorama of the Great Kyrgyz Range and the Chuy valley great tracks and the quality of service offer a good winter holiday in Kyrgyzstan. There is one aerial ropeway chairlift and a ropeway trackback lift. 

Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve

When to visit: July and August

When to visit: https://en.unesco.org/biosphere/aspac/sary-chelek

The Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve has the most immeasurable environmental elements of Kyrgyzstan in one place, with a range of forests, meadows, and lakes. Central to this large biosphere reserve which is home to more than 1,000 species of plants and 160 species of bird, is the beautiful cobalt-blue lake of Sary-Chelek.

 Many of the fruits found in the forests here have a high socio-economic value. Alpine forests with walnut (Juglans regia), fir (Abies semenovii), spruce (Picea schrenkiana), and grape (Vitis silvestris). Meadows; tree-shrub communities of juniper (Juniperus sp.), spruce, fir, etc. Nut forest dominated by walnut with groups of apple (Malus spp.), pears (Pyrusspp.), and an understory of Prunus divaricata, abelia (Abelia curumbosa), exochords (Exochorda spp.) and juniper; steppe habitats; rocks and screes; water bodies.

 

Konorchek canyon

When to visit: March through May and September through November

Konorchek canyon is one of the stunning landscapes in Kyrgyzstan. Located 125 KM away from the capital city Bishkek, Konorchek resides in the boom gorge. Konorchek is full of red stones that you can see for miles. 

The Konorchek Canyons of Kyrgyzstan have been compared to America’s Grand Canyon, certainly not quite as massive, but the landscape and formations inside the Konorchek canyons carry distinct Kyrgyz characteristics.

Tash Rabat

When to visit: March through May and September through November

One of the famous historical places located in the province of Naryn in the Kara Koyun Valley is Tash Rabat. It is an ancient Silk Road caravanserai composed of 31 domed rooms that formerly housed merchants and travelers along the Great Silk Road fighting to make their way from China to the West.

This Silk Road inn is made of limestone with walls that reach over 20 meters in height. Tash Rabat was laid out as a maze of 30 rooms surrounding a large central domed chamber.

Song Kol Lake

When to visit: July and August

Song Kol Lake is the second enormous lake after Issyk Kul Lake in Kyrgyzstan. With freshwater, Song Kol Lake sits at the height of 3016m. Another high-altitude alpine lake in Kyrgyzstan, Song Kol, is surrounded by 3500m peaks and yurts which belong to herders from the nearby villages. 

Burana Tower

When to visit: September to November

The Burana Tower is a massive historic minaret that sits in the Chuy Valley in northern Kyrgyzstan. It is found about 80 km east of the country's capital Bishkek, near the town of Tokmok. The tower, along with grave markers, has the remnants of a castle and three mausoleums.

Surrounded by golden grain fields, with snow-capped peaks in the distance, the Burana Tower, alongside some grave markers and remnants of a castle, is left from the ancient city of Balasagun.